“Integrating Artificial Intelligence in Urdu Language Pedagogy: Opportunities, Classroom Practices, and Critical Analysis”

Abstract

This action research investigates the responsible and critical integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Urdu language teaching, addressing the scarcity of empirical, classroom-based studies in low-resourced languages. Five AI-supported activities were designed and implemented in university-level Urdu courses, using ChatGPT and Notebook LM to enhance speaking, writing, listening, and reading. Observations revealed improved vocabulary accuracy, interpersonal writing, self-correction, and active listening. Findings emphasize that effective integration requires teachers’ linguistic proficiency alongside technical and pedagogical expertise. This action research highlights that when AI is combined with traditional teaching methods, classrooms become more dynamic, learner-centered, and cognitively engaging. The study offers concrete, replicable models for AI use in Urdu classrooms, with implications for other less-commonly-taught languages.

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