The first Sahb-e-Diwan (Published) Urdu ghazal poet of Dera Ghazi Khan (Hazrat Khawaja Ghulam Faridؒ)

Abstract

The earliest traces of Urdu poetry in the region of Dera Ghazi Khan can be found in the poetry of Nemat Ram Naimati, Hazrat Khawaja Suleman Taunsvi, Faqir Muhammad Arif, Hazrat Khawaja Khuda Bakhsh Koreja, Hazrat Khawaja Taj Muhammad Koreja, and Syed Ameer Haider Miran Shah. Among these mentioned poets, except for the Hindi, Saraiki, and Urdu sayings of Hazrat Khawaja Suleman Taunsvi, one verse of Hazrat Khawaja Khuda Bakhsh Koreja, and two verses of Hazrat Khawaja Taj Muhammad Koreja, no regular poetic work of any poet is available. Therefore, it cannot be said in which genres these poets tried their abilities in Urdu poetry, nor can they be called poets of any specific poetic form, nor can these poets be considered Sahib-e-Deewan poets due to the unavailability of their poetry. About these poets, it can only be said that they contributed their share in the early tradition of Urdu poetry in Dera Ghazi Khan, and thus the foundation of Urdu poetry in this region was laid.

The formal beginning of Urdu poetry in Dera Ghazi Khan starts from Hazrat Khawaja Ghulam Farid (1845–1901). In this regard, the Sufi poet Hazrat Khawaja Ghulam Farid was not only the first Sahib-e-Deewan published poet of this region but also the first ghazal poet. His Urdu Deewan was published during his lifetime from Matba Ronq Ageen, Gulzar Muhammadi, Lahore, in 1884. Thus, according to the research of Dr. Rubina Tareen, Dr. Shakeel Pitafi, researcher Sadiq Tahir,Dr Anwaar Ahmad,Dr Mehr Abdul Haq ,researcher Yasmeen Qureshi & Wasifa Jabeen, the conclusion is also the same that Hazrat Khawaja Ghulam Farid is basically a poet of ghazal in Urdu poetry. His ghazal possesses a classical temperament. He skillfully presented the experiences and observations of his life in his ghazal poetry. His ghazal is a beautiful narration of the diverse subjects of reality and metaphor. His poetry is the poetry of the real experiences and observations of Rohi and Thal Damaan. In its natural romantic atmosphere, not only delicate village girls with chunri (veil) appear playing in the dust, but also they appear joyfully picking the cultural and local fruits of their deserts and Cholistan. His ghazal is a full expression of the diverse states of worldly love and the issues of mysticism. Similarly, in his poetry, there is also a rich representation of Eastern realities.In short, his ghazal poetry is connected with traditional color. Each color of it is drawn from the beauty and romance of the region and nature along with the self and the universe.

References:

1. Ehsan Changwani, Dr., Tareekh Rajanpur, Dera Ghazi Khan: Ota Publishers, 1 August 2019, p. 28.
2. Ghulam Rasool Khan Malkani, Shafqat Kazmi: Shakhsiyat o Fun, Research Thesis for M.Phil Urdu, Islamabad: Allama Iqbal Open University, 1998, p. 90.
3. Shakeel Patafi, Dr., Janubi Punjab Mein Urdu Shayari, Multan: Jhoke Printers, August 2008, pp. 258–259.
4. Masood Hasan Shahab, Bahawalpur Mein Urdu, n.d., p. 66.
5. , p. 67.
6. Shakeel Patafi, Dr., Janubi Punjab Mein Urdu Shayari, Multan: Jhoke Printers, August 2008, pp. 249–250.
7. Javed Ahsan Khan, Aabna-e-Dard, Karachi: Afaqi Publishers, 2013, p. 6.
8. Shakeel Patafi, Dr., Janubi Punjab Mein Urdu Shayari, Multan: Jhoke Printers, August 2008, p. 253.
9. Rubina Trreen, Dr., Multan Ki Adabi o Saqafati Zindagi Mein Sufiyana Karam Ka Hissa, n.d., p. 441.
10. Yasmeen Qureshi, Khawaja Ghulam Fareed ki Urdu Shayari, M.A. Urdu Thesis, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, 1985, p. 116.
11. Ruknuddin, Maulana, Maqabilis al-Majalis, trans. Wahid Bakhsh Sial, Lahore: Bazm Ittihad al-Muslimeen, 1411 AH, p. 73.
12. Rubina Trreen, Dr., Multan Ki Adabi o Saqafati Zindagi Mein Sufiya Karam Ka Hissa, Multan: Beacon Books, 2016, p. 295.
13. Hafiz Mahmood Sherani, Punjab Mein Urdu, Lahore: Aina-e-Adab, 1972, p. 178.
14. Anwar Ahmad, Dr., Khawaja Fareed Ke Teen Rang, Multan: Bazm-e-Saqafat, 1985, p. 14.
15. Mehr Abdul Haq, Dr., Fard-e-Fareed, Multan: Saraiki Adabi Board, 1988, p. 85.
16. Mansoor Ashar Siddiqi & Irshad Ahmad Amin (eds.), Sha’ri Majmua Khawaja Fareed (Urdu), Lahore: Shafaq Publications, 1979, p. 30.
17. , p. 83.